HIV/AIDS and the Agricultural Sector in Eastern and Southern Africa: Anticipating the Consequences
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper draws upon development economics theory, demographic projections, and empirical evidence to consider the likely consequences of the HIV/AIDS pandemic for the agricultural sector of the hardest-hit countries of Eastern and Southern Africa. We identify four processes that have been underemphasized in previous analysis: 1) the momentum of long-term population growth rates; 2) substantial underemployment in these countries’ informal sectors; 3) sectoral declines in land-to-person ratios in the smallholder farming sectors; and 4) effects of food and input marketing reforms on shifts in cropping patterns. The paper concludes that the conventional wisdom encouraging prioritisation of labour-saving technology or crops has been over-generalised, although labour-saving agricultural technologies may be appropriate for certain types of households and regions. The most effective means for agricultural policy to respond to HIV/AIDS will entail stepping up support for agricultural science and technology development, extension systems, and input and crop market development to improve the agricultural sector’s potential to raise living standards in highly affected rural communities.
منابع مشابه
The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Rural Households and Land Issues in Southern and Eastern Africa A Background Paper prepared for the Food and Agricultural Organization, Sub-Regional Office for Southern and Eastern Africa August 2002
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تاریخ انتشار 2005